Injector



H. A. DREFEEIN. micron. AEPLICATION FILED NOV. I9. IBN-- 1 ,$21,996. Patented Nov. 1s, 1919.

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H. A. DREFFEIN.V

INJECTOR.

APPLICATION 111511 N0v.19,1914.

Patented N ov. 18, 1919.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

UNITED STATES PATENT oEEIoE.

HENRY AFDREFFEIN, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

mmcroa recipes.'

Specification pf Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 18', 41,919.'

*Application led Norember 19, T914. Serial No. 873,071; l

injectors, and has for its object to provide Aa -neviT and improved form of injector especially adapted foruse in inducing gas or the likethrough a pipe, at the same time supply- With said gas prior to ing air for mixture combustion thereof.

Anobject of my invention is to provide such a form of injector capable of operation to vary the inducing eect ofthe air supply Without varying the How thereof.A I Ahave found that in the use of producer gas, for

example generated from soft or bituminous coal, that T may dispense with scrubbers or Y the like and supply the raw gas'directly to 'the burners. 'Tu order to do this I' utilize the current of air Whichv is needed forfmiie ture with the gas `prior to combustion. Tt is impractiable and impossible to supply such gas to the burner by the use of fans or the like, owing to the presence, in large quantities, of free carbon in gummy and' sticky condition. By maintaining an uninterrupted line'from the generators or producers to the burners T eliminate clogging thereof such 'as Vwould obtain were fans or -the like utilized. At the same time T reduce very ap.- preclably the amount of power required in the operation of such systems by eliminating alti scrubbers, fans and the like. T am able to control the iioW of this gaswithout the use of valves byyarying the inducing effect o'f the air and at the same time T may keep the How of air constant so as not to affect. the combustion of themixture. Tn other Words T am able to regulate the flow of gas by T attain Vthese and other objects by means of the construction described in the follow ing specification and .shown in the accom-A panyi'ng drawings, in which:

tube and nozzle partially in section;

Fig. 2 isa horizontal section through the gas pipe and burner; Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section through the nozzle and air tube;A

Fig. 4 is a side-elevation of the nozzle, the z andv nozzle looking at the end of the latter.;

Fig-8 is a longitudinal section through the modified form of nozzle;

Fig. 9 is an end elevation of the same; and

Fig. 10 is a view partially in section of still another form of nozzle.

Like numerals refer `to like elements throughout the drawings, in which 10 indicates generally the Wall of a furnace or the like and the outer sheathing plates 10a. 10b designates a burner opening in they Walt 10 in'which is V.inserted a burner 11 vcarried by the metal lsleeve 12 located eXteriorly ofthe furnace. This sleeve 12 is in turn secured by bolts or the like to a peripheral flange 13b of a gas supply pipe 13 Which'is shown in the form of an elbow, see for example Fig. 1. This gas supply pipe 13 is intended to communicate with a supply of gas such asa gas producer or the like. Projecting' through a suitable aperture into one arm of the gas pipe 13, is the air pipe lain com- `n'mnicatioin with an air line lita arranged 15 is spaced from the innen'wall of the tube yor pipe 1t and is providedvvith the peripheral collar 15 adjacent its apertured end, as shown in Figs. 3, t and 5, Vfor veirample. This collar 15d closely fits .the inteiior of the pipe la and is secured to the latter by means of screws 16 or the like, as.

shoivnin Fig. 7. Apertures lof are lpro videdin'th'e collar 15d, as shown in Fig. 5, these apertures being alternately arranged with respect to apertures lcjand communi- Figure 1 is a vertical section through the gas supply pipe and burner showing the air eating. with the space betweenthe exterior of the nozzle 15 and the interior of pipe 1d. Tn vaddition to being alternately arranged With respect tonozzle apertures 15,

ythe collar apertures lfare each of an area equal to each of the nozzle apertures 15..

In conjunctionwith the nozzle I provide a se section along the line/ l loo rotatable valve 17, see Fig. 6, having the fan or sector. shaped portions 17a. This valve 17 is adapted'to closely abut against the apertured end of the nozzle 15, as shown in Figs. 3 and 4, and When at one extremity of its partial rotation this valve 17 will entirely close nozzle apertures 1'5c and fully open collar ,apertures 15. A pin 18 projects from the apertured end of the nozzle 15 and is located so as to contact with the edge of one of the sectors 171l when the valve is at one extremity of its motion and with the edge of an adjacent sector when the valve is at the other extremity of its inotion, as will be apparent. When the valve 17 is rotated to close the collar aper tures 15f the pin is so located as to prevent absolute closure thereof, comparatively small openings through the apertures lf being unclosed, as shown in Fig. 4, fora purpose to be hereinafter described. Lugs or blocks 15g project from the exterior of the nozzle 15 to the inner wall of the pipe 14 adjacent to and in alineinent with these comparatively small openings, as is also shown in Fig. 4. At its outer end the nozzle 15, which projects slightly beyondthe end of the pipe 14, is provided with a peripheral flange 15h, as shown in Figs. 3 and 4. The valve 17 is provided with the rearwardly extending stem 17C which'is attached to a collar 20 by a rivet 20a or the like, there being a slight amount of play present between the stem 17c and collar 20. A rod 21. has one end similarly secured in the collar 20 by a second rivet 20b located at right angles with respect to rivet 20%. The end vof this rod also is slightly spaced from the interiorof collar20 to permit avslight amount of play, the collar and its connectiois` constituting a species of universal joinh@ suring alinement of the valve 17 in the lube 14. The rodv 21/projects rearwardly through the air line T 14b and attached to its proF jecting` extremityV is the operating handle 21a. Extending between interior end of pipe 14-and a collar 21b carried by rod 21 is a coiled 'springI 210, coiled around rod 21,

' as shown in Fig. 1, this spring serving to maintain the valve in close contact with the nozzle.

sAs'suming that a comparatively large proportion of gas' is needed during a portion of the operation of the burnerthe valve 17 Will be moved to lposition fully opening nozzle apertures 15c in which position the maximum inducing effect of the air flowing through nozzle 15 will induce a'maximum of gas through the gas pipe -13. At the same time small currents of lair will pass through the small openings described above, 1n the collar apertures lf, and these cur` rents of air impinging upon lugs 15,g will be diffused vto completelyll the spacev sur- ,mounted with respect thereto.

the open end of the tube 14 preventing the eddying thereinto of gas such as would ordinarily occur and such as would ordinarily cause a precipitation of carbon or the like in the interior of the tube 14 at the end thereof.

Assuming that a minimum inducing effect is desirable wit-hout,varying the amount of the air to be supplied for mixture, the valve 17 may be moved to the position completely closing the nozzle apertures 15C at the same time fully opening the collar apertures 1W; these latter being of cross sectional area equal to that of the nozzle apertures the llow of the` air will not be restricted. The air liowing through the space'around the nozzle 15, however, will have a greatly reduced induction effect, and to further reduce this elfect .l have provided the peripheral fiange 15 which is so formed as to divert and diffuse the current of air flowing theieaiound,

thereby reducing its velocity as it flows into the gas pipe and burner. As will be obvious the induction effect of the air may be varied between the two extremes described above according to the requirements of the burner.

In Figs. 8 and 9 I have shown a modified form of nozzle construction comprising a nozzle proper designated by numeral 30 and formed with a plurality of peripheral apeitures 30, the nozzle itself closely fitting the interior of the air pipe 14. This nozzle 30 is provided with the rearwardly extending stein 30b secured to the collar 31 by a rivet 31a. A rod 32 is likewise secured to the eollar 31 by a rivet 31b and extends rearwardly through the T 14b ofthe airline 14, passing through an internally apertuied and threaded gland 32a," and being slidably A-n operating handle 32C is attached to the outer end of the rod 32 and sliding of the latter will operate'to move the nozzle toward or from the end of the pipe 14 owing to the threaded engagement of the rod and gland, as `will be obvious. As is a well known physical fact .thelocation of the nozzle at varying distances from the end of the ypipe 14 results in a variation lof the induction effect of such nozzle without yariation of the amount of air flowing therethrough. At the same time provision ofa plurality of nozzle apertures 30a about the periphery of the nozzle'30 in .lieu of a central aperture, increases the amount of induction obtainable and this form of nozzle is, therefore, especially adapted for use with loW pressure systems.,-

Another advantageof this construction is thatthe 'location of these nozzle apertures 30a prevents the formation of qlcarbon or similar'deposits on the interior of the pipe 14 when the nozzle is moved away from the end thereof to lessen the induction effect of theair current.

iiu

ln Fig. 1 0 ll have shown still another mod-I ification similar to that shown in Figs. -8 and 9, except as to the forni of nozzle generally indicated by numeral 35, the same being constructed with a central ape. ure

and rearwardly extendin arms ter of airv through said airpipe, said nozzle being spaced from said air pipe, means to control flow of air around and through said nozzle, said means being adapted to approxiinately cut off flow of air around said noz- "zle when permitting full flow through said nozzle, and means to prevent absolute cutvention with' more 0i' less particularity, ll do not wish to 'be 'restrictedrto the form shown said nozzle.L

and described beyond the pended claims.

What ll'claim is: y v l. ln combination, a fuel supply pipe, an air supply pipe-located in said fuel pipe, and a nozzle mounted'in said air pipe and operable by the How of air through said air pipe to induce gas through said gas pipe upon flow'of air through said air pipe, said nozzle being spaced `from said air pipe.

2. -lln combination, a fuell supply pipe,

. an air supply pipe located in said fuelpipe,

a nozzle mounted in ,saidair pipe and operable bythe How of air through said air pipe to induce gas. through said gas pipeupon flow of air through said air pipe, said ,nozzle being spaced from saidair pipe, and means to control flow of air around andA through 3l In combination, a fuel supply pipe, an

air supply-pipe locatedin said fuel pipe, a

nozzle mounted insaid air pipe and'operable by theow of'` air through said' air pipe .to induce gas through said gas pipe upon How of air through said air pipe, said nozzlebeing spaced from 'said air pipe, and

- means to "control How of air around and through said nozzle,"sa d means being oper- Aable JtoAapp-roximat'ely cut od iiow of' air around said nozzle when permitting full 4e lln combination, afuel air supply vpipe located in said fuel pipe, a

nozzle mounted in said air pipe and operable by the flow of air throughA said air pipe to 4scope of the apting 0H of flow of airaround said nozzle,

In Combination with a gassupply pipe, ans air tube located in said pipe, a nozzle located in saidtube and spaced therefrom, said nozzle being provided with ducts co-mmiinieating with the interior thereof, and ducts providing communication with the space be- `tween the exterior ,thereof and the interior of said tube, a valve operable to cutoff flow of air through said nozzle ducts, said valve and -ducts being so arranged that when flow through said. nozzle is cut od air will flow.

therearound.

7. lncombination with a gas supply pipe, an air tubr` located vin said pipe, a nozzle located in said tube and spaced therefrom, said nozzle being provided with ducts communicating with the interior thereof, ducts providing communication with thev space between the exterior thereof and the inte rior of said tube, -a valve operable to cut on' flowof air through said nozzle ducts, said valve and `Aducts being so arranged that when flow through said nozzleis cut 0H air will flow therearonnd, and means toprevent complete closure of said ducts leading to the space around said nozzle whereby a coin@ paratively small amount of air ,will- How through' said tube around said nozzle when said valve is in position approximately closing communication with the exterior of said .supply pipe, an-

f induce gas through said gas pipe u-ponv How l Y of air through .said air. pipe, said nozzle being spaced from said air pipe, aiid means 'to control flow of air around land through nication with the exterior of 'said nozzle, and

said nozzle, Asaid means being 'adapted to approximately c ut od" flow of air around 'said nozzle when permitting full flowA through said nozzle, and vice versa.

5. `lln combination, afuel supply pipe, an air supply pipe located in said fuelpipe, a

induce gas through said gas pipe upon flow nozzle mounted in said air pipe and operable by the How of airthrough said air pipe to- 8. ln combination with a gas supply pipe,

an air tube located in said pipe, a'nozzle located in said tube and spaced therefrom,

said nozzle beingl provided with ducts com* municating with the interior thereof, ducts providing communication with the space be tween the exterior thereof and the,v interior of said tube, a valve operable to cut on' flow of air through said nozzle ducts, said valve land ductsbeing so arranged that when iow through said nozzle is cut off lair will liow therearound, means to'prevent complete closure of said ducts leading` to the space around saidnozzle whereby a comparatively small amount of'air willflow through Vsaid tube around said nozzle when said valve is in position approximately closing commu-- means 'to diffuse airflowing through'said ducts around -said nozzle when the latter are substantially closed. 1- f 9. ln combination with a gas supply pipe, an air tube located in said pipe, a nozzle located in said tube and spaced therefrom, said nozzle being rovided with ducts communicating with t e` interior thereof, ducts providing communication with the space-.loewT tween the exterior thereof and the interior of saidtube, a valve operable to cut olf flow of air through said nozzle ducts, said valve and ducts being so arranged that when flow through said nozzle is cut off air will flow therearound, means to prevent complete closure of said ducts leading toI the space around said nozzle whereb a comparatively small amount of air will ow through said tube around said nozzle \when said valve is in position approximately closing communication with the exterior of said nozzle, and means to..diiuse air flowing through said ductsai'ound said nozzle when thelatter are substantially closed, said means-comprising blocks or the-like located around said nozzle. y

10. In combination with a gas supply tube, an air tube located therein, anozzle in said air tube and spaced therefrom, said nozzle vbeing provided 'with a peripheral Harige arranged to deflectl and diffuse airflowing through vsaid air tube around said nozzle.

11. In combination with a gas pipe or the like, an 'air pipe' located therein, a nozzle mounted-Qin said air pipe, a collar located around said nozzle in said air pipe, said collar being. provided with apertures there;y

through, said nozzle also being provided with apertures therethrough, said collar and 'nozzle apertures being alternately arranged and of 'equal area, and a valve operable to close either said apertures.` v

12. In combination with a g-as pipe or the like, an` airpipe located therein, a n'ozzle mounted in said air pipe, a collarf located around said nozzle in said air pipe, said collar being provided'with apertures therethrough, said nozzle also being provided with apertures therethrough, said collar and nozzle apertures being alternately arranged and of equal area, and a valve operable to close either sad-apertures, or partially close both saidaperturees. y

13. In combination with a gas pipe or the like, an air pipe located therein, a nozzle Amounted in said air pipe, a collar located around said nozzle in said air7 pipe, said collar being rovided with apertures therethrough, sai nozzle valso being provided with aperturesy therethrough, said collarand' nozzle apertures being alternatelyarranged and of equal area, a valve operable to close either said apertures or partially close both said apertures, and means'to prevent absolute closure of said collar apertures, said means comprising a pin carried'by said collar and so arranged that when said valve is' in contact therewith in position fully open-ff ing said nozzle algierturea comparatively small openings will be provided through i. said collar apertures permitting a relatively small current of air to flow through said space around said nozzle.

14. In combination with a gas pipe or the like, an air pipe located therein, a nozzle mounted in said air pipe, a collar located around said nozzle in said air pipe, said collar4 being provided with apertures therethrough, said nozzle also being provided with apertures therethrough, said collar and nozzle apertures being alternately arranged and of equal area, a valve operable to close either said apertures or partially close both said apertures, means Ato prevent absolute closure of saidcollar apertures, said means comprising a pin carried by said collar and so arranged that when said valve is in contact therewith in position fully opening said nozzle apertures comparatively small openings will be provided through said collar apertures permitting relatively small currents of air to fiow through said space around said nozzle, and means to difuse such small currents of air.

15. In combination with a gas pipe or the like, an air pipe located therein, a nozzle mounted in said air pipe, a collar located around said nozzle in said air pipe, said collar being provided with apertures therethrough; said nozzle also being provided with apertures therethrough, said collar and nozzleapertures being alternately arranged and o'f equal area, a valve operable to close either said apertures or partially close both said apertures, means to prevent absolute closure of said collar apertures, said means comprising a pin carried by said collarand so arranged that when said valve is in contact therewith in position fully opening said nozzle apertures, comparatively small openings will be provided through said collar apertures permitting relatively small currents of air to flow through said space around said nozzle, and means to diffuse such small currents of air, said means comprising lugsV or blocks in alinement with such relatively small apertures.

16. In combination with a gas supply pipe, an air supply pipe located therein, means'to-supply air under pressure to s aid air pipe, a nozzle located in said air pipe, saidnozzle being provided with air'ducts between itself and the interior ofsaid air pipe whereby a deposit of foreign substances will be prevented at the end of said air pipe.. n

In testimony whereof I have subscribed my naine.l

HENRY A. DREFFEIN. Witnesses:

HENRY A. PRKs, HELEN D. FREUND. 

